In a landmark move, Nigeria’s House of Representatives Constitution Review Committee has proposed the creation of 31 new states, potentially expanding the nation’s administrative structure from 36 to 67 states, including the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). The proposal, read during a plenary session on February 6, 2025, by Deputy Speaker Benjamin Kalu, marks one of the most ambitious restructuring efforts in Nigeria’s history.
Key Details of the Proposal
The proposed states are spread across Nigeria’s six geopolitical zones:
1. Geopolitical Distribution
– North Central: 5 new states (e.g., Okun, Okura, Confluence from Kogi; Benue Ala and Apa from Benue).
– North East: 4 new states (Amana from Adamawa; Katagum from Bauchi; Savannah from Borno; Muri from Taraba).
– North West: 5 new states (New Kaduna and Gujarat from Kaduna; Tiga and Ari from Kano; Kainji from Kebbi).
– South East: 5 new states (Etiti, Orashi, Adada from Enugu; Orlu, Aba).
– South-South: 4 new states (Ogoja from Cross River; Warri from Delta; Ori and Obolo from Rivers; Torumbe from Ondo).
– South West: 7 new states (Ibadan from Oyo; Lagoon from Lagos; Ijebu from Ogun; Oke Ogun/Ijesha spanning Oyo, Ogun, and Osun).
2. Constitutional Process
The proposal hinges on Section 8 of Nigeria’s 1999 Constitution (as amended), which mandates:
– A two-thirds majority approval from the National Assembly, state assemblies, and local government councils in affected areas.
– A referendum within proposed regions, with outcomes forwarded to the National Assembly for ratification.
3. Submission Requirements
Advocates must submit three hard copies of proposals to the Committee Secretariat in Abuja by March 5, 2025.
Rationale and Reactions
The committee, chaired by Deputy Speaker Kalu, emphasized alignment with constitutional provisions to address regional imbalances and bring governance “closer to the people.” However, critics argue that creating new states could strain Nigeria’s economy, given existing challenges with revenue generation and fiscal sustainability. Legal practitioner Titilope Anifowoshe cautioned that many current states rely on federal allocations, and further fragmentation might exacerbate financial pressures.
Historical Context
All 36 existing states were created under military regimes. If approved, this would mark the first state creation under civilian rule, a significant milestone for Nigeria’s democracy.
Next Steps
The proposal will undergo rigorous legislative scrutiny, including public hearings and state-level consultations. While supporters view it as a step toward equitable representation, opponents urge prioritizing local government reforms to enhance grassroots governance.